ADDITIONAL SYSTEM INFORMATION :
$ ./release-jdk/jdk-21.0.2/bin/java -version
java version "21.0.2" 2024-01-16 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 21.0.2+13-LTS-58)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 21.0.2+13-LTS-58, mixed mode, sharing)

$ ./jdk-mainline/build/linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug/jdk/bin/java -version
openjdk version "23-internal" 2024-09-17
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (fastdebug build 23-internal-adhoc.user.jdk22u)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (fastdebug build 23-internal-adhoc.user.jdk22u, mixed mode)

$ cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="22.04"
VERSION="22.04.2 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)"
VERSION_CODENAME=jammy
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=jammy

A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM :
When I run the following testcase using the jdk 21.0.2 downloaded from [Oracle](https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/downloads/#jdk21-linux) and the jdk compiled from latest jdk-mainline source code downloaded from (GitHub](https://github.com/openjdk/jdk), I get an incorrect execution result.

REGRESSION : Last worked in version 17.0.10

STEPS TO FOLLOW TO REPRODUCE THE PROBLEM :
pathToJDK21.0.2/.../java -XX:-BackgroundCompilation Test
pathToJDK-mainline/.../java -XX:-BackgroundCompilation Test

EXPECTED VERSUS ACTUAL BEHAVIOR :
EXPECTED -
-169310344

ACTUAL -
-18140394


---------- BEGIN SOURCE ----------
class Test {
  int a = 400;
  int[] b = new int[a];

  void c() {
    int l, d = 3;
    for (l = 2; 58 > l; l++) {
      for (int e = 2; e < 8; e += 2)
        for (int f = 1; f < e; f += 2)
          synchronized (new Test()) {
          }
      do
        ; while (d < 2);
      int g = 0;
      do
        g++;
      while (g < 20000);
      b[1] -= 3023399;
    }
    int h = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++)
      h += b[i];
    System.out.println(h);
  }

  public static void main(String[] j) {
    Test k = new Test();
    k.c();
  }
}
---------- END SOURCE ----------

CUSTOMER SUBMITTED WORKAROUND :
When BackgroundCompilation is enabled by default, this issue does not occur too frequently. The problem does not arise when using the -Xint option.

FREQUENCY : always