Some GC stress tests attempt to capture OOM to detect success of the test but it's not always possible to do this in the presence of escape analyzed objects.  Deoptimization rematerializes objects before resuming in the interpreter but this can be outside of any catch blocks that protected the original allocation. Graal in particular, is aggressive about escape analysis and so some tests fail intermittently if the OOM occurs at a surprising place. These tests either need to disable escape analysis or should have broader catch blocks.  ZGC in particular seems to have less headroom for the allocations as the failure is more common with it.