FULL PRODUCT VERSION :
java version "1.8.0_60"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_60-b27)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.60-b23, mixed mode)
ADDITIONAL OS VERSION INFORMATION :
Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]
Windows 7 Ultimate 64 bit SP1
A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM :
WebEngine does not load a resource file ( javascript, css, image) when this file is referenced from within a html file and when the resource files are packaged in a jar file. 
For example this html file that references a javascript file foo.js and loads an image file test.png :
<===== main.html ======>
<html>
    <head>
        <script type="text/javascript" src="foo.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        This is my editor
        <p>
        <img src="test.png" alt="test1"/>
    </body>
</html>
<=======End of main.html ==============>
The javascript file foo.js in the root folder
<=====foo.js ==============>
var foo;
function foo()
{
}
<=========End of foo.js ======>
Let have an image file test.png
Here the java class test:
<================ TestWebEngine.java ===========>
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.property.ReadOnlyObjectProperty;
import javafx.beans.value.ChangeListener;
import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue;
import javafx.concurrent.Worker;
import javafx.concurrent.Worker.State;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.web.WebEngine;
import javafx.scene.web.WebView;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import netscape.javascript.JSObject;
public class TestWebEngine extends Application
{
    private WebView mWebView;
    
    @Override 
    public void start(Stage stage)
    {
        mWebView = new WebView();
        WebEngine webEngine = mWebView.getEngine();
        
        setupChangeListeners();
        webEngine.load(getClass().getResource("main.html").toExternalForm());
        JSObject win = (JSObject) mWebView.getEngine().executeScript( "window" );
        win.setMember( "console", new Console() );
        
        stage.setScene(new Scene(mWebView, 1280, 900));
        stage.show();
    }
    
    private void setupChangeListeners()
    {
        ChangeListener<Worker.State> webEngineLoadListener = createWebEngineLoadListener();
        ReadOnlyObjectProperty<State> webEngineLoadStateProperty = 
            mWebView.getEngine().getLoadWorker().stateProperty();
        webEngineLoadStateProperty.addListener( webEngineLoadListener );
    }
    
    private ChangeListener<State> createWebEngineLoadListener()
    {
        return new ChangeListener<Worker.State>()
        {
            @Override
            public void changed( ObservableValue<? extends State> loadStateProperty,
                                 State oldLoadState,
                                 State newLoadState )
            {
                switch( newLoadState )
                {
                    case SUCCEEDED:
                        handleLoadComplete();
                        break;
                    default:
                        return;
                }
            }
        };
    }
    
    private void handleLoadComplete()
    {
        System.out.println( "main.html loaded - checking if foo() is defined" );
        executeScript( "console.log(\'foo =\' + foo );" );
    }
    private Object executeScript( String script )
    {
        return mWebView.getEngine().executeScript( script );
    }
    public static class Console
    {
        public static final String MEMBER_NAME = "console"; //$NON-NLS-1$
        
        public void log( Object message )
        {
            System.out.println( message );
        }
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        launch(args);
    }
} 
<============End TestWebEngine.java===============>
REGRESSION.  Last worked in version 8u40
ADDITIONAL REGRESSION INFORMATION: 
java version "1.8.0_40"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_40-b26)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.40-b25, mixed mode)
STEPS TO FOLLOW TO REPRODUCE THE PROBLEM :
Bundle the provided java class and the resource files in a jar file,
run java -jar file.jar
EXPECTED VERSUS ACTUAL BEHAVIOR :
EXPECTED -
The web page is loaded from the html file
The image is loaded from png.test
The foo.js is loaded and the foo() function is defined
ACTUAL -
The web page is loaded from the html file
The image is not loaded
The javascript file is not loaded and the foo() function is not defined
REPRODUCIBILITY :
This bug can be reproduced always.