Reproducible on Yosemite. When the window is in native full screen mode, disposing it leaves the user with a black screen. To reproduce use the following app:

    SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
            JFrame f = new JFrame(" TEST ");
            new JFrame().setVisible(true);
            f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
            JButton button = new JButton(" Button ");
            f.add(button);
            f.setBounds(100, 100, 100, 100);
            f.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
            f.setVisible(true);
            FullScreenUtilities.setWindowCanFullScreen(f, true);
        });