FULL PRODUCT VERSION : A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM : Nashorn version: hg tip 18edd7a1b166 The implementation for case-insensitive regular expressions does not comply to [ES5.1 - 15.10.2.8 Canonicalize]. This applies to both implementations, java.util.regex and Joni. I've noticed this while working on integrating Joni for my project. You should be able to port the necessary changes from here [1]: - UCS2Encoding.java contains the relevant changes for runtime.regexp.joni.EncodingHelper - RegExpParser.java#L1256-L1412 contains the relevant changes for the java.util.regex based implementation [1] https://github.com/anba/es6draft/tree/master/src/main/java/com/github/anba/es6draft/regexp ADDITIONAL REGRESSION INFORMATION: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0-ea-b119) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.0-b61, mixed mode) STEPS TO FOLLOW TO REPRODUCE THE PROBLEM : Test cases: jjs> /[\u2160]/i.test("\u2170") Expected: true Actual: false jjs> /\u0130/i.test("\u0069") Expected: false Actual: true jjs> /\u1e9e/i.test("\u00df") Expected: false Actual: true jjs> /\u0345{4}/i.test("\u0345\u0399\u03b9\u1fbe") Expected: true Actual: false REPRODUCIBILITY : This bug can be reproduced always.